Surprisingly, there are many adhesion molecules, motility factors, signaling pathways, proteolytic events, EMT hallmarks, and other transcriptional programs that have been linked to the Nme1 proteins. Wona Ding, Botao Zhang or Shihua Zhu. Neural Dev. The site is secure. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase 7. Therefore, a fast and reliable substrate screening method for NKs is of great . J Biol Chem. 2014;9:e89916. Genomics. 2014 Jan;759:22-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2013.11.003. In contrast, in adult zebra fish, NME4 mRNA is mainly expressed in gonads, weakly expressed in gills and barely detectable in other tissues [21]. Some further findings support a dual mitochondrial localization of NDPK-D/NME4 in the matrix: it is found associated with the matrix enzyme succinyl-CoA synthetase [44] and mitoribosomes [45], and physically interacts with a transaminase (ABAT) of the mitochondrial nucleoside salvage pathway, leading to mtDNA depletion syndrome when mutated [46]. A mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) activity was described already in 1955 [1], soon after the discovery of the enzyme. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help The Nme1 proteins bind to viral proteins, oncogenes, and other metastasis-promoting factors. <B>IgGy Antibody Selector</B> - Quickly search hundreds of thousands of antibodies available for purchase from VWR by selecting common antibody features like antigen symbol and name, reactivity, clonality, conjugation, host, and other key factors. 2009 Sep;329(1-2):3-15 The human Nm23/nucleoside diphosphate kinases. Patocs A, Zhang L, Xu Y, et al. NME4 mRNA is expressed at low levels in a few embryonic organs (some brain regions, heart, and intestine) while the other group I members are more widely expressed [31, 32]. b2518, JW2502. The .gov means its official. Mol Plant 5(1):154161. Other gene names. Other known mitochondrial NDPK proteins that possess a canonical mitochondrial targeting sequence are found in amoeba [8], plants [26], and green alga [27]. 1997;272:2460411. Zhao J, Zhang J, Yu M, et al. NDPK are homo hexameric proteins made up of monomers approximately 152 amino acids long with a theoretical weight of 17.17KDa. David Molina-Granada, Emiliano Gonzlez-Vioque, Ramon Mart, Nikolaus Pfanner, Bettina Warscheid & Nils Wiedemann, Marta Giacomello, Aswin Pyakurel, Luca Scorrano, Seiko Nakamura, Aiko Matsui, Toshihiko Oka, Wenjun Wang, Jianshuang Li, Qinghua Zhou, Zachary A. Kemmerer, Kyle P. Robinson, David J. Pagliarini, Laboratory Investigation J Biol Chem. 1993;268:2546975. The nucleoside diphosphatase-linked moiety X-type motif 15 (NUDT15) gene is involved in the hydrolysis of nucleoside diphosphate derivatives which may have an impact on thiopurine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. OsNDPK4 was found to be expressed in a variety of tissues throughout the plant and OsNDPK4 was located in the cytosol. Epub 2022 Jun 21. These proteins go about interrupting metastasis by binding metastasis-promoting proteins. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Keywords: Characterization of the nm23-M2, nm23-M3 and nm23-M4 mouse genes: comparison with their human orthologs. Increased nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity induces white spot syndrome virus infection in Litopenaeus vannamei. In prokaryotes, the Nm23 gene is involved in normal cell development and differentiation. Epub 2020 Apr 5. Bookshelf In this compartment, it was also proposed to synthesize NTP for protein and nucleic acid synthesis and to play a role in iron homeostasis [10]. Gene. The protein can be with or without a His-Tag or other tag in accordance to customer's request. In hepatocarcinoma-derived cell lines, NME4 expression was lower in cell lines with high metastatic potential [61]. This effector molecule modulates signaling of host-derived small danger molecules [ 35 , 36 ], establishing persistent infections in the host [ 37 ]. Google Scholar. NDPKs catalyze the reversible phosphorylation of nucleoside diphosphates into nucleoside triphosphates via a phosphohistidine intermediate and are therefore responsible for cellular NDP/NTP homeostasis [2]. PMC Biochim Biophys Acta. and transmitted securely. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase Escalates A-to-C Mutations in MutT-Deficient Strains of Escherichia coli. oryzae. Mitochondrial NDPK from plants even has an acidic residue at the equivalent site. PubMed Price excludes VAT (USA) ISSN 0023-6837 (print), The mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK-D/NME4), a moonlighting protein for cell homeostasis, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41374-017-0004-5, Most mitochondrial dGTP is tightly bound to respiratory complex I through the NDUFA10 subunit, Mitochondrial proteins: from biogenesis to functional networks, The cell biology of mitochondrial membrane dynamics, Onsite GTP fuelling via DYNAMO1 drives division of mitochondria and peroxisomes, Mechanisms and regulation of protein synthesis in mitochondria, The mitochondrial inner membrane protein LETM1 modulates cristae organization through its LETM domain, Endonuclease G promotes autophagy by suppressing mTOR signaling and activating the DNA damage response, UbiB proteins regulate cellular CoQ distribution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Dynamic PGAM5 multimers dephosphorylate BCL-xL or FUNDC1 to regulate mitochondrial and cellular fate, The mitochondrially-localized nucleoside diphosphate kinase D (NME4) is a novel metastasis suppressor, Widely targeted metabolomic analyses unveil the metabolic variations after stable knock-down of NME4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells, The nucleoside diphosphate kinase superfamily: state of the art, United States & Canadian Academy of Pathology Annual Meeting Abstracts. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and nucleoside 5'-phosphate, whereas its two products are AMP and 5'-phosphonucleoside 3'-diphosphate.. General description. Organism names. Article NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 6 Synonyms nm23-M6, non-metastatic cells 6, protein expressed in (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) Feature Type protein coding gene IDs MGI:1861676 NCBI Gene: 54369 Alliance gene page Transcription Start Sites 6 TSS Location & Maps more Sequence Map Chr9:109661788-109672042 bp, + strand A novel kinase function of a nucleoside-diphosphate-kinase homologue in Porphyromonas gingivalis is critical in subversion of host cell apoptosis by targeting heat-shock protein 27. Plant mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase is attached to the membrane through interaction with the adenine nucleotide translocator. The externalized CL, here mostly non-oxidized, is recognized by the microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) situated on the surface of the autophagosome. 376. Bgee. NDPK-D/NME4 bound at the inner mitochondrial membrane is preferentially orientated towards the intermembrane space, although some may also face the matrix or be hidden within complexes or cristae structures, as based on the accessibility of enzyme activity before and after detergent lysis of mitochondria [34]. Naunyn Schmiede Arch Pharmacol. Garcia Fernandez M, Troiano L, Moretti L, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100(1):358363, Nahar K, Kyndt T, De Vleesschauwer D, Hfte M, Gheysen G (2011) The jasmonate pathway is a key player in systemically induced defense against root knot nematodes in rice. Cardiolipin signaling mechanisms: collapse of asymmetry and oxidation. 2004 Mar;37(6):914-39 MacVicar T, Langer T. OPA1 processing in cell death and disease - the long and short of it. Map-based cloning identified that the mutation occurred in the OsNDPK4 gene. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Therefore, understanding the biological basis of the Nm23 gene family is necessary to have a firm knowledge of its diverse results. Curr Genet. These data support a model in which NM23/NDP kinase modulates gene expression through DNA binding and subsequent structural transactions. Cite this article. ", "NDP kinase 2 interacts with two oxidative stress-activated MAPKs to regulate cellular redox state and enhances multiple stress tolerance in transgenic plants", "Progress on Nme (NDP kinase/Nm23/Awd) gene family-related functions derived from animal model systems: studies on development, cardiovascular disease, and cancer metastasis exemplified", "Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK, NM23, AWD): recent regulatory advances in endocytosis, metastasis, psoriasis, insulin release, fetal erythroid lineage and heart failure; translational medicine exemplified", "NME2 reduces proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells to limit metastasis", Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase, Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase, Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, UTPglucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, Galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, CDP-diacylglycerolglycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase, CDP-diacylglycerolserine O-phosphatidyltransferase, CDP-diacylglycerolinositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase, CDP-diacylglycerolcholine O-phosphatidyltransferase, N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase, serine/threonine-specific protein kinases, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nucleoside-diphosphate_kinase&oldid=1057400098, Pages using infobox enzyme with unknown parameters, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, A phosphoryl group from NTP1 is transferred to His in active site of NDPK, Initially bound NDP1 is released from NDPK bringing in new NDP2, Phosphoryl group is transferred from NDPK-His to NDP2 or dNDP2, creating a bound NTP2, This page was last edited on 27 November 2021, at 11:45. Abu-Taha IH, Heijman J, Hippe HJ, et al. Chem Phys Lipids 2014;179:3241. Mutational analyses have identified Arg34, Asn69 and Lys135 as critical for DNA binding, but not required for the NDP kinase reaction. Bookshelf See all Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase primary antibodies Description Rabbit polyclonal to Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase Host species Rabbit Tested applications Suitable for: WB, ICC/IF more details Species reactivity Reacts with: Mouse, Human Predicted to work with: Rat, Chicken, Cow, Rhesus monkey Immunogen 2015 Dec 9;15:286. doi: 10.1186/s12870-015-0674-3. Mitochondria generate ATP, and control life and death of the eukaryotic cell. 2002 May 21;41(20):6330-7. doi: 10.1021/bi025606+. Most if not all studies on the role of NDPK-D/NME4 in pathology concern cancer, probably because the cytosolic homolog NDPK-A/NME1 is a well studied metastasis suppressor [59]. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically . This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Gene names. 2000;32:24758. J Bioenerg Biomembr. Annotation score. [3] Normally, the Nm23 gene (NME) is involved in metastasis suppression in humans. Fukuchi T, Nikawa J, Kimura N, Watanabe K. Isolation, overexpression and disruption of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae YNK gene encoding nucleoside diphosphate kinase. Human NDPK-D/NME4 is ubiquitously expressed, with mRNA found at high levels in liver, kidney, bladder, prostate, at intermediate levels in heart, colon, intestine, skeletal muscle, and ovary and at low levels in brain, testis, and peripheral leukocytes [12, 30]. Cell Tissue Res. Such specific appearance of CL at the mitochondrial surface has been suggested as a signal for triggering apoptosis [54] or mitophagy [55], but underlying molecular mechanisms remained elusive. 1989;981:21325. Article Zala D, Schlattner U, Desvignes T, et al. Disclaimer. Gene 2002;296:8797. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and nucleoside 5'-phosphate, whereas its two products are AMP and 5'-phosphonucleoside 3'-diphosphate. J Exp Bot 65(10):26332643, Thimm O, Blsing O, Gibon Y, Nagel A, Meyer S, Krger P, Selbig J, Mller LA, Rhee SY, Stitt M (2004) MapMan: a user-driven tool to display genomics data sets onto diagrams of metabolic pathways and other biological processes. Perina D, Korolija M, Miko A, Halasz M, Herak Bosnar M, etkovi H. Mar Drugs. This is done via a high energy phosphohistidine intermediate. NME2 (NME/NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Functional inactivation of OsGCNT induces enhanced disease resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Int J Oncol. The two contradicting sides on this subject remained ambiguous and undefined throughout the course of NDPK studies. Biophys J. Zhang J, Nomura T, Yatsunami K, Honda A, Sugimoto Y, Moriwaki T, Yamamoto J, Ohta M, Fukui T, Ichikawa A. Biochim Biophys Acta. PubMed Homologues of Nm23 in M. xanthus have been closed and characterized as a nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndk gene) and seems to be essential for M. xanthus growth. Zhang F, Huang LY, Zhang F, Ali J, Cruz CV, Zhuo DL, Du ZL, Li ZK, Zhou YL. Steeg PS, Bevilacqua G, Kopper L, et al. 2007;92:12637. We demonstrate here the catalytic activity and subcellular localization of the Nm23-H4 protein, product of nm23-H4, a new member of the human nm23/nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase gene family (Milon, L., Rousseau-Merck, M., Munier, A., Erent, M., Lascu, I., Capeau, J., and Lacombe, M. L. (1997) Hum. PubMed Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. oryzae (Xoo) and up-regulation of pathogenesis-related marker genes. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41374-017-0004-5, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41374-017-0004-5. some authors suggest that the presence of others nucleotide-converting enzymes such as adeylate kinase (AK) or nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) could generate artifacts leading to a misinterpretation of a role for ATP . CYTOPLASMIC. PubMed 2021 Aug 26;12:719846. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.719846. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A (NDPK-A), encoded by the nm23-H1 gene, acts as a metastasis suppressor . The R89-R90-K91 motif is located in a surface-exposed loop connecting alpha helices (Fig. The .gov means its official. Respiration of isolated mitochondria was significantly stimulated by the NDPK substrate TDP in mitochondria containing wild type NDPK-D/NME4, but not in those expressing R90D mutant, which is catalytically equally active. Ann Bot 122(3):359371, PubMed Plant Physiol Biochem 46(12):10621070, CAS -, Mol Cell Biochem. F1000Res. Lacombe ML, Tokarska-Schlattner M, Epand RF, Boissan M, Epand RM, Schlattner U. Interaction of NDPK-D with cardiolipin-containing membranes: structural basis and implications for mitochondrial physiology. 2007;357:254351. Fujita Y, Fujiwara K, Zenitani S, Yamashita T. Acetylation of NDPK-D regulates its subcellular localization and cell survival. Our results demonstrate that OsNDPK4 plays important roles in energy homeostasis, development process, and defense responses in rice. Science. . 1994;134:135864. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Impaired mitochondrial functions participate in the etiology of numerous diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration and cardiopathy. Plant Cell 23(9):33353352, CAS It occurs at different but precise mitochondrial locations and can affect among other mitochondrial shapes and dynamics, as well as the specific elimination of defective mitochondria or cells via mitophagy or apoptosis. SpoT works in conjunction with NDPK and both serve as essential enzymes in the (p)ppGpp biosynthesis cycle. J Comp Neurol. J Biol Chem. FOIA 1994 Jul 15;301 ( Pt 2):321-7 Careers. Methanocaldococcus jannaschii nucleoside kinase (MjNK) is an ATP-dependent non-allosteric phosphotransferase that shows high catalytic activity for guanosine, inosine and cytidine. Metatranscriptomics captures dynamic shifts in mycorrhizal coordination in boreal forests. Academic Press, Cambridge, pp 307333, Reumann S, Quan S, Aung K, Yang P, Manandhar-Shrestha K, Holbrook D, Linka N, Switzenberg R, Wilkerson CG, Weber APM, Olsen LJ, Hu J (2009) In-depth proteome analysis of Arabidopsis leaf peroxisomes combined with in vivo subcellular targeting verification indicates novel metabolic and regulatory functions of peroxisomes. Characterization of nucleoside-diphosphate kinase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa: complex formation with succinyl-CoA synthetase. Jin Ye and Wona Ding contributed equally to this paper. Read More Adams V, Bosch W, Schlegel J, Wallimann T, Brdiczka D. Further characterization of contact sites from mitochondria of different tissues: topology of peripheral kinases. [supplied by OMIM, Jul 2010] Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Altered gene and protein expression by Nm23-H1 in metastasis suppression . Google Scholar. [3] A similar CL externalization occurs under condition that favor mitophagy, the selective autophagic elimination of damaged mitochondria [55]. Milon L, Meyer P, Chiadmi M, et al. Schlattner U, Tokarska-Schlattner M, Epand RM, et al. Lab Invest 98, 582588 (2018). The latter, in contrast to NDPK-D/NME4, is strongly stimulated by CL in its GTPase activity [51]. Gene ID: 4833, updated on 5-Aug-2022 Summary The nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinases (EC 2.7.4.6) are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze transfer of gamma-phosphates, via a phosphohistidine intermediate, between nucleoside and dioxynucleoside tri- and diphosphates. CAS Epub 2023 Feb 10. Hypermutability and error catastrophe due to defects in ribonucleotide reductase. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and thiamine diphosphate, whereas its two products are ADP and thiamine triphosphate.. Maguire JJ, Tyurina YY, Mohammadyani D, et al. Invasion of cancer occurs due to changes in cell adhesion and it is caused by gene expression changes in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Gene name. J Biol Chem. Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndk) is a recombinant protein expressed in Mammalian Cell . The immunoprecipitated NDP kinase-DNA complexes are a promising material for the detection of other specific DNA sequences interacting with NDP kinases, and showed a definite enrichment in the nuclease-hypersensitive silencer element of the PDGF-A promoter. The general reaction via ping-pong mechanism is as follows: XDP + YTP XTP + YDP (X and Y each represent different nitrogenous base). The other group genes code for other various proteins that display low or no NDPK activities. NDPK has also been discovered to act as a protein histidine kinase, which involves a reversible histidine phosphorylation as a well-known regulatory signal. This indicates that optimal functioning of the kinase requires binding to the inner membrane for channeling ADP to ANT (ADP/ATP translocator) and oxidative phosphorylation and vice versa mitochondrial ATP to the NDPK-D/NME4 hexamer [34]. Methods Enzymol. (p)ppGpp biosynthesis is a part of the purine metabolism pathway and coordinates a series of cellular activities in response to nutritional abundances. PubMedGoogle Scholar. This interaction provides another type of channeling, namely of GTP and GDP between NDPK-D/NME4 and OPA1 [16, 48], supporting OPA1 functions in cristae shape and mitochondrial fusion and dynamics [49]. PubMed The ability of Nm23-H2 to activate c-MYC transcription in vitro and in vivo via the same element demonstrates the biological significance of this interaction. 2022 Aug 16;22(1):198. doi: 10.1186/s12866-022-02612-z. Mitochondrial NDPK activity was mostly located outside the matrix in pigeon heart, as well as mammalian liver [5]. Epub 2013 Nov 22. 1994;23:541-76 2010;19:211322. Biochimie. Nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDPKs) are highly conserved enzymes ubiquitously found in various organisms from bacteria to human. 8600 Rockville Pike Nucleoside-diphosphate kinases ( NDPKs, also NDP kinase, ( poly) nucleotide kinases and nucleoside diphosphokinase s) are enzymes that catalyze the exchange of terminal phosphate between different nucleoside diphosphates (NDP) and triphosphates (NTP) in a reversible manner to produce nucleotide triphosphates. NDPK is suggested to participate in transmembrane signaling in eukaryotic cells.[14]. 2009;91:77983. Nme2, one of the NDPK genes, has been associated with cardiovascular functions. Homo sapiens (Human) Amino acids. UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot) Organism. Disclaimer. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Biochem J. Nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDPKs) are an evolutionarily conserved family of important enzymes balancing the energy currency nucleoside triphosphates by catalyzing the transfer of their phosphate groups. Results We constructed loss-of-function mutants of NDPK-D, lacking either NDP kinase activity or membrane interaction and expressed mutants or wild-type protein in cancer cells. Disclaimer. An official website of the United States government. A R90 equivalent is also absent in the sequences of other human NME protein sequences, and replaced by acidic residues in NDPK-A, -B, and -C (NME1, 2, and 3). Accessibility Cthe_0716; ndk; NDK; NDP kinase. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies In plants [6, 7] and amoeba [8], a mitochondrial NDPK was localized in the intermembrane/cristae space. Mitochondrial cardiolipin/phospholipid trafficking: the role of membrane contact site complexes and lipid transfer proteins. Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus NDK: preliminary crystallographic analysis of the first viral nucleoside diphosphate kinase. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. The product of the nm23H1 gene, reported to be a metastatic suppressor gene, was recently identified as the nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase A, and was found to be overexpressed in several types of malignant . Nat Protoc 2(10):23482353, Moon H, Lee B, Choi G, Shin D, Prasad DT, Lee O, Kwak SS, Kim DH, Nam J, Bahk J, Hong JC, Lee SY, Cho MJ, Lim CO, Yun DJ (2003) NDP kinase 2 interacts with two oxidative stress-activated MAPKs to regulate cellular redox state and enhances multiple stress tolerance in transgenic plants. In the first group, one of the genes named NM23 was identified as the first metastasis suppressor protein and its gene Nm23 was less activated in metastatic cells. Evidence at protein level. Reversibility of the binding of cytochrome c to liposomes. By constantly monitoring phosphate nucleotide levels inside the cell, ADK plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the function of OsNDPK4 in rice. This review will provide a synopsis of the current knowledge regarding the biological properties and roles of Ndks in regulating bacterial virulence and adaptation and will discuss in depth the biological significance of Ndk during bacteria-host interactions. The compartmentation of nucleoside diphosphate kinase in mitochondria. Lacombe, ML., Tokarska-Schlattner, M., Boissan, M. et al. Would you like email updates of new search results? Plant Mol Biol 64(1):205217, Wasternack C, Hause B (2013) Jasmonates: BIOSYNTHESIS, perception, signal transduction and action in plant stress response, growth and development. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate, and synthesize products such as UTP. MeSH The latter creates another type of charged motif that could interact with yet unknown intracellular targets. Comprehensive reduction of amino acid set in a protein suggests the importance of prebiotic amino acids for stable proteins. PLoS ONE. It can fuel GTP to the dynamin-like GTPase OPA1 and thus regulate mitochondrial dynamics. 2022 Jun 30;13:919633. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.919633. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Cherradi N, Defaye G, Chambaz EM. National Library of Medicine Cereal Res Commun 41(1):7887, Feng BH, Yang Y, Shi YF, Shen HC, Wang HM, Huang QN, Xu X, Lu XG, Wu JL (2013) Characterization and genetic analysis of a novel rice spotted-leaf mutant HM47 with broad-spectrum resistance to Xanthomonasoryzae pv. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies doi: 10.1128/JB.00567-19. Functionally, this onco-miR promoted cell migration, invasion and lymph node metastasis through inhibition of NME4 expression, without affecting cell growth [64]. It has been reported in a number of pathogens. [3] Therefore, NDPK is the source of RNA and DNA precursors, except ATP. Putative functions of nucleoside diphosphate kinase in plants and fungi. Epub 2021 May 15. Lascu L, Giartosio A, Ransac S, Erent M. Quaternary structure of nucleoside diphosphate kinases. 2003;370:80515. Cell 143(4):606616, Veljovic-Jovanovic S, Noctor G, Foyer CH (2002) Are leaf hydrogen peroxide concentrations commonly overestimated? 2000;7:84350. Epub 2018 Feb 7. Further analysis revealed that meristematic activity and cell elongation were significantly inhibited in primary roots of Osndpk4, together with reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 2017;6:724. The membrane-bound or soluble state of the enzyme remained often undefined. Under these conditions, it promotes apoptosis to eliminate damaged cells or mitophagy to eliminate damaged mitochondria, both important quality control mechanisms. 2002;43:127684. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those . This work was supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche Mdicale (FRM; DPM20121125557), the Groupement des Entreprises Franaises contre le Cancer (GEFLUC), Cancrople IdF (n 2015-1-EMERG-25-INSERM 6-1), and a CMIRA Explora doc fellowship of the Region Rhone Alpes. 1978;174:297301. PubMed Central Goat Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase B (NME2) ELISA Kit from MyBioSource.com.